Have you restarted Tropy after granting full disk access?
Since the files are in the Documents folder, also check if Tropy has access to the Documents folder, by selecting the ‘Files and Folders’ permission in the privacy tab.
Short of turning off the system’s integrity protection (which you should not do) I assumed full disk access should work around the issue. Unfortunately I can find no documentation by Apple how to add an app to the whitelist manually once the com.apple.macl attribute is set.
Let’s try to update the paths first and then figure out the macOS permissions issue afterwards. In your case it should be easy to update all the paths with one command if you follow the steps here. Based on your example above, you only need to update the username in the paths to your photos, so the SQL command would be something like this:
sqlite3 your-project.tpy "update photos set path = replace(path, '/Users/name 1', '/Users/namesurname')"
To be safe, please make a backup copy of your project file before you make any changes!
With the paths updated, Tropy should be able to find all your photos, so when you open the project the next time all photos that don’t have thumbnails yet should automatically start to consolidate when they come into view. However, this probably will still fail because of the file permissions. After opening the project and observing that the photos are not loaded successfully, could you check the log file – I would expect there to some kind of ‘permission denied’ errors there, which would confirm that the paths are correct.
If there are still the permission denied issues at this point, I’d try to remove the com.apple.macl attribute. I suspect that this is not possible while integrity protection is on, so I’d turn it off temporarily or copy the photos to another disk, remove the attribute, then copy them back.